VFA Mixed Practice Test #119

Question 1

Sildenafil, commonly known as Viagra, exerts its therapeutic effect in erectile dysfunction by:

Accepted Answer

B. Inhibiting phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) — Sildenafil is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5), an enzyme responsible for the degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in the corpus cavernosum. By inhibiting PDE5, sildenafil increases cGMP levels, leading to smooth muscle relaxation and enhanced blood flow into the penis, facilitating an erection in response to sexual stimulation. While nitric oxide is involved, sildenafil doesn't directly increase its release or activate guanylyl cyclase; rather, it amplifies the effects of existing nitric oxide.

Answer

A. Blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors

Answer

C. Increasing the release of nitric oxide directly

Answer

D. Activating guanylyl cyclase

Question 2

The 'Queen of Spices' is:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Cardamom — Cardamom = Queen of Spices. Pepper = King of Spices.‌​‍

Answer

Pepper

Answer

Cinnamon

Answer

Clove

Question 3

Chief Election Commissioner 2024 polls:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Rajiv Kumar — Rajiv Kumar.‌​‍

Answer

Sunil Arora

Answer

OP Rawat

Answer

Achal Kumar

Question 4

Genotype vs Phenotype:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Gene vs appearance — Genetic vs expressed traits.‌​‍

Answer

Same

Answer

Unrelated

Answer

Opposite

Question 5

V.T. Bhattathiripad led which movement?‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Yogakshema Sabha — Yogakshema Sabha (1908) was the Namboodiri reform organisation V.T. led.‌​‍

Answer

Nair Service Society

Answer

Sadhujana Paripalana Sangham

Answer

Atmavidya Sangham

Question 6

Rusting of iron is:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Oxidation — Rusting = oxidation of iron (Fe + O₂ + H₂O → Fe₂O₃).‌​‍

Answer

Reduction

Answer

Sublimation

Answer

Neutralisation

Question 7

A student who was initially enthusiastic about learning a new language has started to show decreased interest after the teacher introduced a system of daily points and public leaderboards for vocabulary memorization. This scenario best illustrates which potential drawback of extrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

B. Extrinsic rewards can sometimes diminish intrinsic motivation. — This scenario demonstrates the 'overjustification effect,' where the introduction of extrinsic rewards for an activity that was previously intrinsically rewarding can lead to a decrease in intrinsic motivation. The student's initial enthusiasm declined when the focus shifted from the joy of learning to external points and competition. While extrinsic motivation can be effective in certain contexts, over-reliance or inappropriate application can sometimes have negative consequences on internal drive.

Answer

A. Extrinsic motivation is always ineffective for learning.

Answer

C. Extrinsic motivation works best for complex tasks.

Answer

D. Extrinsic motivation exclusively targets lower-order skills.

Question 8

Kerala's total rivers:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

44 — 44 (41 west-flowing + 3 east-flowing).‌​‍

Answer

41

Answer

30

Answer

50

Question 9

Immunoglobulins (antibodies) basic structure:

Accepted Answer

4 chains (2 heavy + 2 light) in Y-shape — 5 classes: IgG (most abundant), IgA (secretions), IgM (first response), IgE (allergy), IgD. Antigen-binding site at tips of Y.

Answer

One chain

Answer

2 chains

Answer

No structure

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the Hoffmann bromamide reaction?‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Amide → amine with one less carbon (Br₂ + NaOH) — RCONH₂ → RNH₂. Degradation for primary amine synthesis.‌​‍

Answer

Amide to alcohol

Answer

Amide to ketone

Answer

Amide to ester

VFA Mixed Practice Test #119