Emergency Provisions & Special Articles

Question 1

National Emergency can be declared on grounds of:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

External aggression or armed rebellion — Article 352: National Emergency on grounds of war, external aggression, or armed rebellion (44th Amendment changed 'internal disturbance' to 'armed rebellion').‌​‍

Answer

War only

Answer

Financial instability

Answer

State government failure

Question 2

During National Emergency, which rights are automatically suspended?‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Article 19 freedoms only — Article 19 freedoms are automatically suspended. ‌​‍Other FRs can be suspended by Presidential Order under Art. 359. ‌​‍But Art. 20 and 21 can NEVER be suspended.

Answer

All Fundamental Rights

Answer

Articles 20 and 21

Answer

No rights suspended

Question 3

Financial Emergency is declared under:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Article 360 — Article 360 provides for Financial Emergency when the financial stability of India is threatened. ‌​‍Never declared so far.

Answer

Article 352

Answer

Article 356

Answer

Article 368

Question 4

The maximum period of President's Rule is:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

3 years — President's Rule (Art. ‌​‍356) can last max 3 years (6 months at a time, extended by Parliament). Beyond 1 year needs special conditions.

Answer

6 months

Answer

1 year

Answer

2 years

Question 5

Article 370 (special status to J&K) was abrogated in:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

2019 — Article 370 was effectively abrogated on 5 August 2019, reorganising J&K into two Union Territories.‌​‍

Answer

2014

Answer

2017

Answer

2021

Question 6

The 1975 Emergency was proclaimed by President:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed — President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed signed the Emergency proclamation on 25 June 1975 on PM Indira Gandhi's advice.‌​‍

Answer

V.V. Giri

Answer

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy

Answer

Giani Zail Singh

Question 7

Article 365 deals with:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

State failure to comply with Union directions — Article 365: If a state fails to comply with Union directions, President can hold that constitutional machinery has failed → invoke Art. ‌​‍356.

Answer

National Emergency

Answer

Financial Emergency

Answer

Amendment procedure

Question 8

How many times has National Emergency been declared?‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Three times — Three times: 1962 (China war), 1971 (Pakistan war), 1975 (internal — Indira Gandhi).‌​‍

Answer

Once

Answer

Twice

Answer

Never

Question 9

Article 371 provides special provisions for:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Northeast states — Articles 371A-371J provide special provisions for various northeastern and other states (Nagaland, Mizoram, etc.).‌​‍

Answer

J&K only

Answer

All states

Answer

No state

Question 10

During Emergency, Lok Sabha term can be extended by:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

1 year at a time — During Emergency, Parliament can extend Lok Sabha term by 1 year at a time (but not beyond 6 months after Emergency ends).‌​‍

Answer

6 months at a time

Answer

No extension possible

Answer

Indefinitely

Question 11

The 44th Amendment (1978) changed 'internal disturbance' to:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Armed rebellion — 44th Amendment replaced 'internal disturbance' with 'armed rebellion' as a ground for Emergency — making it harder to declare.‌​‍

Answer

Civil war

Answer

Public disorder

Answer

National crisis

Question 12

President's Rule was first imposed in:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Punjab (1951) — The first use of President's Rule was in Punjab in 1951, though its application in Kerala (1959) is more famous.‌​‍

Answer

PEPSU (1951)

Answer

Kerala (1959)

Answer

Travancore-Cochin (1956)

Question 13

During Financial Emergency, the President can:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Reduce government salaries — During Financial Emergency (Art. ‌​‍360), the President can direct reduction of salaries of government servants including SC/HC judges.

Answer

Dissolve state assemblies

Answer

Suspend Fundamental Rights

Answer

Declare war

Question 14

Article 358 deals with suspension of:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Article 19 during Emergency — Article 358: Article 19 freedoms are automatically suspended when National Emergency is in operation.‌​‍

Answer

All FRs during Emergency

Answer

Articles 20-21

Answer

DPSP

Question 15

The Minerva Mills case (1980) held that:‌​‍

Accepted Answer

Judicial review is part of basic structure — Minerva Mills v. ‌​‍Union of India (1980): SC held that judicial review is part of the basic structure and cannot be taken away.

Answer

Emergency is unconstitutional

Answer

Parliament is supreme

Answer

DPSPs override FRs

Emergency Provisions & Special Articles