Government Schemes: PM Jan Dhan, Mudra, Ayushman Bharat, Make in India & More

Government schemes are among the most predictable PSC question topics — expect 3-6 questions per exam. The key is remembering launch years, objectives, and one unique fact per scheme. This note is your complete reference.

Financial Inclusion Schemes

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)

Fact	Detail
Launched	August 28, 2014
Objective	Universal banking access; financial inclusion for all households
Key features	Zero-balance bank account; RuPay debit card; ₹2 lakh accident insurance; ₹30,000 life insurance; overdraft facility up to ₹10,000
Achievement	Over 52 crore accounts opened (largest financial inclusion drive in history); Guinness Record
Tagline	”Mera Khata, Bhagya Vidhata”

Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)

Fact	Detail
Launched	April 8, 2015
Objective	Loans to micro/small enterprises; fund the unfunded
Implementing body	MUDRA (Micro Units Development & Refinance Agency)
Three categories	Shishu (up to ₹50,000), Kishore (₹50,000-5 lakh), Tarun (₹5-10 lakh)
No collateral	Loans given without collateral

PM Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)

Fact	Detail
Launched	February 24, 2019 (1st installment from Dec 2018 retrospectively)
Objective	Direct income support to farmer families
Amount	₹6,000 per year in 3 installments of ₹2,000 each
Eligibility	All land-holding farmer families (initially small/marginal; expanded to all)
Beneficiaries	Over 11 crore farmers

Kisan Credit Card (KCC)

Fact	Detail
Launched	1998 (by RBI; PM KCC scheme launched Feb 2020 for PM-KISAN beneficiaries)
Objective	Short-term credit for crop production and allied activities
Interest	4% (after subvention on ₹3 lakh loans)

Health Schemes

Ayushman Bharat — Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)

Fact	Detail
Launched	September 23, 2018
Objective	Health insurance for poor and vulnerable families
Coverage	₹5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary hospitalisation
Beneficiaries	~12 crore families (~55 crore individuals); based on SECC 2011 data
Also called	”Modicare”; world’s largest government-funded health insurance scheme
Predecessor	Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY)

Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (ABHIM)

Fact	Detail
Launched	October 2021
Objective	Strengthen health infrastructure; Health & Wellness Centres; district hospitals; labs

PM Swasthya Suraksha Yojana

Fact	Detail
Launched	2003
Objective	Setting up AIIMS-like institutions across India

Employment & Skill Schemes

MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act)

Fact	Detail
Launched	February 2, 2006 (Act passed 2005; initially NREGA, renamed 2009)
Objective	100 days of guaranteed wage employment per year to rural households
Right-based	Legal right to work; if work not given within 15 days, unemployment allowance must be paid
Wages	Paid within 15 days; minimum ₹267/day (varies by state)
Focus	Unskilled manual work; water conservation, rural roads, land development

PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)

Fact	Detail
Launched	July 15, 2015
Objective	Skill development; industry-relevant training; certification
Implementing body	National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC)
Target	Train crores of youth in industry-relevant skills

Startup India

Fact	Detail
Launched	January 16, 2016
Objective	Promote entrepreneurship; simplify regulations; tax exemptions for startups
Key feature	3-year tax holiday; self-certification; easy winding up

Housing & Infrastructure

PM Awas Yojana (PMAY)

Fact	Detail
Launched	June 25, 2015 (Urban); November 20, 2016 (Gramin/Rural)
Objective	”Housing for All” by 2022 (extended)
Subsidy	Interest subsidy on home loans (CLSS); up to ₹2.67 lakh
Target	EWS, LIG, MIG categories

Swachh Bharat Mission

Fact	Detail
Launched	October 2, 2014 (Gandhi Jayanti)
Objective	Open Defecation Free (ODF) India; solid waste management
Achievement	India declared ODF on October 2, 2019
Two components	Swachh Bharat (Urban) + Swachh Bharat (Gramin)

Smart Cities Mission

Fact	Detail
Launched	June 25, 2015
Cities selected	100 smart cities
Kerala cities	Kochi (selected in Round 1), Thiruvananthapuram

Industrial & Economic Schemes

Make in India

Fact	Detail
Launched	September 25, 2014
Objective	Transform India into a global manufacturing hub; increase manufacturing GDP share to 25%
Logo	Lion made of cogs/gears
Sectors	25 sectors identified (later expanded)

Digital India

Fact	Detail
Launched	July 1, 2015
Objective	Digital infrastructure; digital literacy; e-governance
Key pillars	Broadband highways, universal mobile access, public internet, e-governance, e-Kranti, IT jobs, digital literacy
Sub-initiatives	DigiLocker, UMANG app, BharatNet (broadband to villages)

Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan

Fact	Detail
Launched	May 12, 2020 (during COVID-19)
Objective	Self-reliant India; ₹20 lakh crore economic package
Five pillars	Economy, infrastructure, system, vibrant demography, demand
PLI Scheme	Production Linked Incentive — part of Atmanirbhar; incentivizes domestic manufacturing in 14 sectors

Direct Benefit Transfer & Technology

Aadhaar & JAM Trinity

Component	Detail
Aadhaar	12-digit unique identity; UIDAI (est. 2009); first Aadhaar number issued September 29, 2010 to Ranjana Sonawane (Maharashtra)
JAM Trinity	Jan Dhan + Aadhaar + Mobile — for direct benefit transfer
DBT	Direct Benefit Transfer — subsidies credited directly to bank accounts via Aadhaar

UPI (Unified Payments Interface)

Fact	Detail
Launched	April 11, 2016
Developed by	NPCI (National Payments Corporation of India)
Key feature	Instant mobile payments; real-time inter-bank transfers
BHIM app	Bharat Interface for Money; launched Dec 30, 2016

Agriculture & Rural Schemes

Scheme	Year	Key Fact
PM Fasal Bima Yojana	2016	Crop insurance; replaces earlier schemes; lowest premium
Soil Health Card	2015	Soil nutrient status; recommendations for fertilizer use
PM Krishi Sinchai Yojana	2015	”Har Khet Ko Paani”; irrigation expansion; Per Drop More Crop
e-NAM	2016	Electronic National Agriculture Market; online commodity trading
PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana	2020	Free food grains during COVID; 5 kg/person/month; extended multiple times

Education Schemes

Scheme	Year	Key Fact
Samagra Shiksha	2018	Unified scheme for school education (merged SSA + RMSA + Teacher Education)
NEP 2020	2020	New Education Policy; 5+3+3+4 structure; replaces 10+2
PM Vidya	2020	Digital/online education during COVID
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao	2015	Girl child survival, protection, education; launched from Panipat, Haryana

Women & Child Welfare

Scheme	Year	Key Fact
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao	2015	Awareness against gender-biased sex selection
PM Matru Vandana Yojana	2017	₹5,000 maternity benefit for first live birth
Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana	2015	Savings scheme for girl child; part of Beti Bachao; high interest rate
One Stop Centre (Sakhi)	2015	Support for women affected by violence

Master Table — Schemes by Launch Year

Year	Schemes
2005	NREGA (renamed MGNREGA 2009)
2014	Jan Dhan, Make in India, Swachh Bharat
2015	MUDRA, Digital India, PMAY, Skill India (PMKVY), Beti Bachao, Sukanya Samriddhi, Soil Health Card, Smart Cities
2016	Startup India, UPI, PM Fasal Bima, e-NAM
2018	Ayushman Bharat (PMJAY)
2019	PM-KISAN
2020	Atmanirbhar Bharat, NEP 2020, PM Garib Kalyan Anna

Quick Recall

1. Jan Dhan launched? → Aug 28, 2014
2. MUDRA loan categories? → Shishu, Kishore, Tarun
3. Ayushman Bharat coverage? → ₹5 lakh/family/year
4. MGNREGA guarantees? → 100 days employment
5. Make in India year? → September 2014
6. PM-KISAN amount? → ₹6,000/year (3 installments)
7. Swachh Bharat launched on? → Oct 2, 2014 (Gandhi Jayanti)
8. JAM Trinity? → Jan Dhan + Aadhaar + Mobile
9. Digital India launched? → July 1, 2015
10. Startup India launched? → January 16, 2016